Scratching at the Shoulder, Ears, Neck, or Sternum, Behavior Increases with Exertion in Dogs

Author: Dr. med. vet. Gisa Löwe | Last modified: 17.02.2026
Table of contents

When to visit the vet?

Non-urgent see a veterinarian within 2–3 days

?

If the condition worsens / symptoms persist, consult a veterinarian.

Unsure about what’s wrong with your pet? Feel free to use our Symptom Checker for more clarity

Definition of

A dog’s behavior of intensely scratching at the shoulder, ears, neck, or sternum, especially if it increases with physical exertion, may indicate an underlying health condition or discomfort. This behavior, also known as excessive scratching, is often a symptom that can be attributed to a variety of causes, including skin irritations, allergic reactions, or behavioral issues.

Can Occur with the Following Diseases:

Grundlagen und mögliche Ursachen

Scratching in dogs is a normal behavior that occurs occasionally to relieve itching or discomfort. However, if it becomes excessive and particularly increases with exertion, it indicates a health problem. A dog’s skin can be irritated by various factors, including parasites such as fleas, mites, or ticks, which cause itching and inflammatory conditions through their bites.

Allergies are a common cause of itching in dogs. These can be triggered by environmental allergens such as pollen, mold, or house dust mites, as well as food allergies. With exertion, body temperature increases, which can increase blood flow to the skin and intensify the itching.

Another possible cause of scratching is an infection of the skin with bacteria or yeast. Such infections can occur secondary to allergic reactions or skin injuries. Hormonal disorders such as hypothyroidism or Cushing’s syndrome can also lead to skin changes that cause itching.

Behavioral problems, such as stress or boredom, can also cause dogs to injure themselves by scratching excessively. In such cases, scratching may represent a calming behavior or a reaction to anxiety or frustration.

Typische Begleitsymptome

  • Skin redness or inflammation: This may be visible on the affected areas and is often a sign of an allergic reaction or infection.

  • Hair loss: Hair loss may occur in the areas where the dog scratches frequently, indicating chronic skin irritation.

  • Crusts or scaling: These can form due to skin injuries or infections.

  • Odor: An unpleasant odor may indicate a bacterial or yeast infection of the skin.

  • Behavioral changes: The dog may appear restless or irritable, which may indicate discomfort or pain.

  • Ear infections: Frequent scratching ears can lead to inflammatory conditions, which manifest as redness, swelling, or discharge.

Wann zum Tierarzt?

Eskalation: ORANGE in case of severe self-trauma (weeping/bloody), Fever/apathy, severe pain, or if breathing problems/facial swelling/Vomiting also occur (systemic allergy).

A veterinarian should be consulted if the scratching becomes excessive and leads to visible skin damage or if it is accompanied by other symptoms such as hair loss, redness, swelling, or unpleasant odor. A visit to the veterinarian is also advisable if the scratching impairs the dog’s quality of life.

If the behavior occurs suddenly or worsens rapidly, a veterinarian should also be consulted to rule out more serious health problems. If an allergic reaction or a severe infection is suspected, a rapid veterinary evaluation is necessary.

Symptomerkennung für den Tierhalter und tierärztliches diagnostisches Vorgehen

As a pet owner, you should pay attention to how often and in what situations your dog scratches. Note whether there are specific triggers, such as certain foods, walks in certain areas, or stressful situations. These observations can provide valuable clues for the veterinarian.

The veterinarian will first take a thorough medical history and physically examine the dog. Attention is paid to signs of parasites, skin changes, and general health. To rule out parasites, the veterinarian can perform skin scrapings. Blood tests may be necessary to identify allergic reactions or hormonal disorders.

If a food allergy is suspected, an elimination diet may be suggested to identify the triggering substance. In some cases, the veterinarian may also perform a skin biopsy or special allergy tests to determine the exact cause of the itching.

Was kann der Tierhalter tun und professionelle Therapieoptionen

As a first measure, the pet owner can try to stop the dog from excessive scratching by creating a distraction or keeping the dog busy. It is important to keep the affected skin areas clean to avoid infection.

Regular grooming, such as brushing the coat, can help remove loose hair and dirt that could cause irritation. The use of special shampoos or skin care products recommended by the veterinarian can also be soothing and promote skin regeneration.

If parasites such as fleas or ticks are suspected, appropriate treatment should be initiated immediately. This may include the use of antiparasitic agents. If allergies are suspected, hypoallergenic diets or supplements containing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids may provide relief.

Stress reduction can also be important if the scratching is related to behavioral problems. A regular daily routine, sufficient exercise, and mental stimulation can help promote the dog’s well-being and reduce stress-related scratching.

Ausblick auf aktuelle Forschung

Current research focuses on identifying the exact stimuli that trigger scratching in dogs, especially in the areas of the shoulder, ears, neck, or sternum. Scientists are investigating the role of allergens, parasites, and skin conditions to better understand the mechanisms that lead to this behavior. One study has shown that dogs that are genetically predisposed to atopic dermatitis are more likely to exhibit these symptoms, suggesting that genetic factors may play an important role.

Research is also addressing how environmental factors can influence the intensity of scratching behavior. For example, it is being investigated whether certain seasons or environmental conditions, such as increased pollen exposure or humidity, exacerbate scratching in dogs. Researchers use both clinical observations and laboratory experiments to clarify these connections.

Another focus of current research is the neurological component of the scratch reflex. This involves examining how the dog’s nervous system responds to various stimuli and how these reactions lead to scratching behavior. It is believed that certain neurological pathways and neurotransmitters may play a role in amplifying or diminishing scratching behavior. Advances in imaging technology are allowing researchers to gain more detailed insights into the brain activity of dogs while they are exposed to various stimuli.

In addition, researchers are investigating the effectiveness of various treatment methods to reduce scratching behavior. Studies compare the efficiency of drug treatments, such as antihistamines or corticosteroids, with alternative approaches such as dietary changes or behavioral therapies. There is also ongoing research into the development of new topical treatments that specifically target the skin areas commonly affected by dogs.

The role of stress and emotional factors in scratching behavior is also being intensively investigated. Some studies suggest that dogs suffering from stress or anxiety show increased scratching, especially in situations of increased stress. Researchers are working to better understand the connection between emotional well-being and physical symptoms in dogs and are developing interventions aimed at improving both emotional and physical well-being.

Comprehensive genomic studies are being conducted to identify genetic markers associated with scratching behavior. These studies could support targeted breeding programs in the future to reduce the prevalence of skin problems in dogs. Genetic insights could also contribute to the development of personalized treatment approaches tailored to a dog’s individual genetic profile.

Overall, research aims to gain a better understanding of the multifactorial causes of scratching behavior in dogs while developing more effective and individualized treatment approaches. By combining genetic, environmental, and neurological insights, scientists hope to significantly improve the quality of life for dogs.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

  1. Why does my dog scratch more often with exertion? Stress and physical activity can increase the release of stress hormones, which can exacerbate scratching behavior. Under stress, the body reacts more sensitively to stimuli, which can lead to increased scratching.

  2. Could the scratching be a sign of an allergy? Yes, frequent scratching can indicate an allergy. Dogs can be allergic to food ingredients, pollen, dust mites, or certain materials, which leads to itching and scratching.

  3. Is it normal for my dog to scratch? A certain amount of scratching is normal, as dogs groom themselves. However, if the scratching is excessive or leads to skin irritation, a veterinarian should be consulted.

  4. Which areas are most commonly affected? In dogs, the ears, neck, shoulders, and sternum are often affected because these areas are sensitive to stimuli and easily accessible.

  5. Can scratching lead to injuries? Yes, excessive scratching can lead to skin irritation, wounds, or infections. It is important to monitor the behavior and consult a veterinarian if necessary.

  6. Which home remedies can help? Oatmeal baths, Aloe Vera gel, or diluted apple cider vinegar solutions can help relieve the itching. However, it is advisable to consult a veterinarian beforehand.

  7. When should I see a veterinarian? If the scratching is persistent, the dog has open wounds, or other symptoms such as lethargy or loss of appetite occur, a visit to the veterinarian is advisable.

  8. Can parasites cause the scratching? Yes, fleas, mites, and other parasites are common causes of itching in dogs and can trigger intense scratching.

  9. How can I monitor scratching behavior at home? Pay attention to the frequency and intensity of the scratching, any skin changes, and whether the behavior occurs seasonally or situationally. Note these observations for the veterinarian.

  10. Are there preventive measures against scratching? Regular coat care, a balanced diet, avoiding allergens, and using parasite protection products can help reduce scratching.