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Prostatitis (Inflammation of the Prostate Gland) in Dogs

Occurrence: common
Location of illness: Abdomen/pelvis

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland in dogs, often caused by bacterial infections, which can lead to a variety of symptoms that affect the well-being and health of the affected dog.

The most important facts at a glance

Prostatitis in dogs is an inflammation of the prostate gland, often caused by a bacterial infection. The prostate, a gland near the bladder, plays an important role in sperm production. In older, unneutered dogs, the prostate can grow, increasing the risk of inflammation. Common bacteria that cause prostatitis include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus. Trauma, urine reflux, autoimmune diseases, or tumors can also be causes.

Symptoms include weakness, loss of appetite, difficulty with bowel movements and urination, Fever, and Abdominal pain. Blood in the urine or purulent discharge is also possible. Diagnosis is made by clinical examination, blood and urine tests, and ultrasound if necessary.

Treatment depends on the cause. Bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics. In the case of underlying prostatic hyperplasia, castration can help reduce the risk of recurrent inflammation. Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs relieve the symptoms. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary. The prognosis is usually good with timely treatment, especially for bacterial infections.

Prevention includes castration, regular veterinary check-ups, and a healthy lifestyle. A balanced diet and regular exercise contribute to prostate health. A veterinarian should be consulted if any unusual symptoms occur to enable rapid diagnosis and treatment.

Causes

The prostate is a small gland located near the bladder that plays an important role in the production of seminal fluid. In dogs that are not neutered, the prostate can grow with age, which is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This enlargement can promote the development of prostatitis.

One of the most common causes of prostatitis in dogs is a bacterial infection. Bacteria can enter the gland via the urinary tract, the blood, or through direct contact with the prostate. Commonly involved bacteria include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus. In some cases, infection with mycoplasma or fungi can also lead to inflammation.

In addition to infections, prostatitis can also be caused by trauma, such as injuries to the pelvic area or urine reflux. In rare cases, autoimmune diseases or tumors can also play a role.

Symptoms

Very common symptoms:

Common symptoms:

Rare symptoms:

The symptoms of prostatitis can vary and often depend on the severity of the inflammation. Acute prostatitis often leads to sudden Fever, Pain in the pelvic area, difficulty urinating, and occasionally blood in the urine. Affected dogs may also appear lethargic and lose their appetite.

In chronic prostatitis, the symptoms may be less pronounced but persist long-term. These include recurrent Urinary tract infection, persistent lower Abdominal pain, and possibly an abnormal gait. Some dogs also show changes in behavior, such as Irritability or withdrawal.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of prostatitis usually begins with a thorough clinical examination, during which the veterinarian performs a rectal examination to palpate the prostate. Attention is paid to the size, shape, and consistency of the prostate.

In addition, blood and urine tests are performed to identify signs of inflammation and possible infectious agents. A urine culture can help isolate specific bacteria that cause the inflammation. In some cases, an ultrasound of the prostate may also be recommended to detect structural changes or Abscesses.

Therapy

The treatment of prostatitis depends on the cause. In the case of bacterial infections, antibiotics are usually used, which must be administered over a longer period of time to ensure complete healing. The choice of antibiotic depends on the type of bacteria identified in the culture.

In cases where prostatitis is caused by another underlying condition such as BPH, castration of the dog may be considered to reduce the risk of recurrence. Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs may also be prescribed to relieve symptoms.

In severe cases, especially if Abscesses or other complications occur, surgery may be required to relieve the prostate or remove affected tissue.

Prognosis and follow-up care

The prognosis for dogs with prostatitis depends on the cause and severity of the condition. With timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the prognosis is usually good, especially if the inflammation is due to a treatable bacterial infection.

Chronic prostatitis can be more difficult to treat and may require longer-term medical care. Dogs suffering from an underlying condition such as BPH may benefit from castration, which significantly reduces the risk of recurrence.

Prevention

One of the most effective measures to prevent prostatitis in dogs is castration, especially in older male dogs who are more prone to prostate enlargement. By reducing hormonal influences, the risk of inflammation and other prostate problems can be reduced.

Regular veterinary examinations are also important to detect early signs of prostate enlargement or inflammation. A veterinarian should be consulted immediately if symptoms such as increased urination, blood in the urine, or Pain occur to enable early diagnosis and treatment.

A balanced diet and a healthy body weight can also help reduce the risk of prostate problems. Regular exercise and avoiding Overweight are important factors that contribute to the dog’s general health.