{"id":35977,"date":"2024-06-05T12:29:01","date_gmt":"2024-06-05T10:29:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/petsvetcheck.de\/krankheiten-und-stoerungen\/hund\/hepatitis-contagiosa-canis-hcc-ansteckende-leberentzuendung-des-hundes-infektioese-canine-hepatitis\/"},"modified":"2026-09-01T11:37:26","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T09:37:26","slug":"hepatitis-contagiosa-canis-hcc-infectious-canine-hepatitis","status":"publish","type":"krankheit","link":"https:\/\/petsvetcheck.de\/en\/diseases-and-disorders\/dog\/hepatitis-contagiosa-canis-hcc-infectious-canine-hepatitis\/","title":{"rendered":"Infectious hepatitis inflammation in dogs (Hepatitis contagiosa canis, CAV-1)"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","krankheitsort":[143],"haufigkeit":[136],"organsystem_krankheiten":[230,239,228],"class_list":["post-35977","krankheit","type-krankheit","status-publish","hentry","krankheitsort-general-whole-body","haufigkeit-b-en","organsystem_krankheiten-gastrointestinal-tract-liver","organsystem_krankheiten-general-full-body","organsystem_krankheiten-infections-parasites","entry"],"acf":{"synonyme":"Canine Adenovirus infection Type 1, Infectious Hepatitis in Dogs, Infectious Canine Hepatitis), Rubarth's disease","synonyme_en":"Canine Adenovirus Type 1 (CAV-1) Infection","titel_en":"Infectious Canine Hepatitis (ICH)","weitere_suchbegriffe":"","triage":"orange","triage_begruendung":"Contagious viral hepatitis; isolation and intensive support required.","definition":"Infectious canine hepatitis (ICH), also known as canine contagious hepatitis, is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver of dogs. It is caused by Canine Adenovirus Type 1 (CAV-1) and can take both acute and chronic courses. ","ursachen":"ICH is caused by Canine Adenovirus Type 1 (CAV-1), which belongs to the Adenoviridae family. This virus is closely related to Canine Adenovirus Type 2 (CAV-2), which is responsible for respiratory diseases. CAV-1 is highly contagious and can be transmitted through direct Contact with infected animals or contaminated objects. \n\nAfter infection, the virus enters the body via the tonsils or pharynx and spreads through the bloodstream. It primarily affects the liver, but can also impair the kidneys, eyes, and the dog\u2019s vascular system. Viremia, i.e., the presence of viruses in the blood, leads to a systemic infection that is fought by the body\u2019s immune system. The severity of the disease depends on the virulence of the pathogen and the dog\u2019s immune status. \n\nCommon causes for the spread of CAV-1 include poor hygiene conditions, high animal density, and lack of immunity due to inadequate vaccination. Since the virus is relatively stable in the environment, it can be transmitted via contaminated surfaces, water, or feed. Infected dogs excrete the virus via saliva, urine, and feces, which increases the risk of infection for other dogs. ","auswahl_symptome_rot":[34178,33810,34149,33457,34056],"auswahl_symptome_blau":[33660,33158,33891,33833,33598,33920,34057,34086],"auswahl_symptome_grun":[33158,33865,33443,34174,34063],"erganzungen_zu_symptomen":"The symptoms of an HCC infection can vary depending on the course of the disease. In the acute phase, affected dogs often show Fever, loss of appetite, and lethargy. The liver is the main target organ, which is why symptoms such as Vomiting, Diarrhea, and Abdominal pain are common. Jaundice, recognizable by yellowish mucous membranes and eyes, can also be an indicator of liver involvement. \n\nAnother characteristic symptom is so-called \"Blue Eye\" (blue eye), a corneal opacity caused by immune-mediated inflammation of the cornea.\n\nThis can be temporary or, in severe cases, permanent. Some dogs also develop a Tendency to bleed, such as nosebleeds or pinpoint Bleeding on the skin and mucous membranes, which indicates impaired blood coagulation. \n\nIn severe cases, Convulsions, coma, and sudden Death can occur, especially in very young or immunocompromised animals. Chronic courses are also possible; symptoms may be milder and more nonspecific, but can lead to long-term liver dysfunction. ","zusammenfassung":"Infectious canine hepatitis (HCC) is caused by Canine Adenovirus Type 1 (CAV-1). This highly contagious virus spreads through direct Contact with infected animals or contaminated objects. It enters the body via the tonsils or pharynx and mainly affects the liver, but can also affect the kidneys, eyes, and vascular system. The disease manifests itself in symptoms such as Fever, weakness, loss of appetite, Vomiting, and Diarrhea. A definitive diagnosis is made by serological tests or PCR to detect the viral genome. \n\nSince there is no specific antiviral therapy, treatment aims to relieve the symptoms. Fluid therapy, pain relievers, and anti-inflammatory drugs are some of the supportive measures. The prognosis depends on factors such as the age and immune status of the dog. Prevention is mainly through vaccination, which is part of the standard vaccination schedule. Good hygiene conditions and avoiding Contact with infected animals are also important. \n\nResearch focuses on new vaccines and therapeutic approaches to better understand and treat the disease. The development of safer and more effective vaccines is a priority, as is understanding the genetic and immunological mechanisms of the disease. Advances in these areas could reduce the impact of HCC on dogs worldwide. ","diagnose":"The diagnosis of HCC is based on a combination of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and specific diagnostic procedures. A complete blood count can provide indications of hepatitis, such as elevated liver enzymes and altered blood coagulation values. Further urine testing can provide additional information about kidney function. \n\nTo confirm the infection, a serological test can be performed to detect antibody against CAV-1. In some cases, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to directly detect the viral genome. This method is particularly useful because it allows specific identification of the pathogen. \n\nAn ultrasound examination of the liver and other affected organs can help assess the severity of the disease. In some cases, a liver biopsy may be required to make a definitive diagnosis, especially in chronic or atypical courses of the disease. ","behandlung":"The therapy for ICH depends on the severity of the symptoms and aims to alleviate the clinical signs and promote healing. There is no specific antiviral therapy against CAV-1, so the focus is on symptomatic and supportive therapy. \n\nFluid therapy is often necessary to correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs can be used to relieve Abdominal pain and Fever. In severe cases, corticosteroids can be administered to suppress the immune response and reduce inflammation. \n\nAntibiotics may be required to treat secondary bacterial infections that result from the body\u2019s weakened immune system. A special diet with easily digestible nutrients can support liver function and promote recovery. ","prognose":"The prognosis for HCC depends on various factors, including the dog\u2019s age, immune status, and the severity of the disease. Dogs with a mild form of the disease usually have a good prognosis and can recover completely. \n\nIn severe cases, especially in young or unvaccinated dogs, the disease can take a critical course and even end in Death. However, early diagnosis and therapy can significantly improve the chances of survival. \n\nChronic courses can lead to permanent liver cirrhosis, which requires long-term medical care. Regular monitoring of liver function and an adapted diet are essential in such cases. ","ausblick_auf_aktuelle_forschung":"Canine contagious hepatitis (Hepatitis contagiosa canis, HCC) is a significant disease caused by Canine Adenovirus Type 1 (CAV-1). Research on HCC is currently focused on various areas, including the development of improved vaccines, the identification of new therapeutic approaches, and understanding the genetic and immunological mechanisms underlying the disease. \n\nA major advance in research concerns vaccine development. Current studies aim to develop vaccines that not only provide longer immunity but are also safer. Researchers are exploring the possibility of developing genetically modified vaccines that use specific protein structures of the virus to induce a robust immune response without the risk of vaccine-induced disease. \n\nAnother area of research is the study of the pathogenesis of HCC. Scientists are working to better understand how CAV-1 infects liver cells and what immunological reactions this triggers. This research could lead to new therapeutic approaches that minimize or reverse the damage caused by the virus. \n\nThe development of antiviral drugs is also an active area of research. Researchers are identifying and testing various compounds that could directly attack the virus or modulate the host\u2019s immune response to reduce the disease burden. These efforts could lead to new treatment options for dogs with HCC. \n\nThere are also studies dealing with the genetics of the virus itself. By sequencing and analyzing the genetic information of CAV-1, scientists are trying to understand the genetic variations associated with different degrees of virulence and infectivity. These findings could help identify specific viral strains associated with more severe disease courses. \n\nAnother important aspect of research is the monitoring and epidemiology of HCC. Scientists analyze the spread and frequency of CAV-1 infections in different geographical regions to identify patterns and trends that could be helpful in developing prevention strategies. Monitoring also helps to quickly detect and contain outbreaks. \n\nCollaboration between research institutions worldwide has accelerated progress in these areas. By sharing data and resources, researchers can reach new insights faster and translate their findings into practice. \n\nOverall, research on HCC remains a dynamic field with promising potential to improve the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease. Advances in vaccine technology, the discovery of new drugs, and a better understanding of virus biology promise to reduce the impact of HCC on dog populations worldwide. ","zusatzlicher_inhalt_im_hauptteil":"The most effective method for the prevention of ICH is vaccination. The vaccine against CAV-1 is part of the standard vaccination schedule for dogs and offers reliable protection against the disease. As a rule, basic immunization is carried out in puppyhood, followed by regular booster vaccinations. \n\nAdditional prevention measures include good hygiene practices, especially in environments with many dogs, such as kennels or animal shelters. Regular cleaning and disinfection of surfaces and objects that dogs come into Contact with can reduce the risk of transmission of CAV-1. \n\nContact with infected animals should be avoided to prevent infection. Owners should ensure that their dogs do not have access to potentially contaminated water sources or feeding places to minimize the risk of infection. ","haufig_gestellte_fragen_faqs":"
    \n \t
  1. What is Hepatitis contagiosa canis (HCC)?<\/b> HCC is a contagious viral disease in dogs caused by Canine Adenovirus Type 1 (CAV-1). It mainly affects the liver, but can also impair other organ systems and is widespread worldwide. <\/li>\n \t
  2. How is HCC transmitted?<\/b> HCC is mainly transmitted through direct Contact with infected animals or their excretions. The virus can also be spread through contaminated objects, such as food and water bowls, or via the environment, as it is able to survive in the environment. <\/li>\n \t
  3. What symptoms does a dog with HCC show?<\/b> The symptoms of HCC can vary and include Fever, loss of appetite, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Abdominal pain, and in severe cases, jaundice. In some dogs, the disease can also cause neurological symptoms such as Convulsions. <\/li>\n \t
  4. Can HCC be treated?<\/b> There is no specific antiviral treatment for HCC, but the symptoms can be treated with supportive care. This includes fluid therapy, pain management, and antibiotics if needed to prevent secondary bacterial infections. The prognosis depends on the severity of the disease. <\/li>\n \t
  5. How can I protect my dog from HCC?<\/b> The best prevention against HCC is vaccination. Most standard vaccination programs for dogs include a vaccine against CAV\u20111. Regular booster vaccinations are important to ensure lasting protection. <\/li>\n \t
  6. Is HCC transmissible to humans or other animals?<\/b> HCC is specific to dogs and does not pose a threat to humans. Other pets are also not susceptible to this specific infection, as the virus is species-specific. <\/li>\n \t
  7. How is HCC diagnosed?<\/b> The diagnosis of HCC is usually made through a combination of clinical symptoms, blood tests, and serological tests that detect the presence of antibody against the virus. In some cases, a liver biopsy may be required to confirm the diagnosis. <\/li>\n \t
  8. Can a dog fully recover from an HCC infection?<\/b> Yes, many dogs can fully recover from an HCC infection, especially if treated in time. However, in severe cases, permanent liver damage may occur, requiring long-term medical care. <\/li>\n \t
  9. How long is the incubation period for HCC?<\/b> The incubation period for HCC is usually 4 to 9 days after exposure to the virus. During this time, the dog may show no symptoms but is contagious to other dogs. <\/li>\n \t
  10. How long can the virus survive in the environment?<\/b> Canine Adenovirus Type 1 is relatively stable in the environment and can survive for weeks to months under favorable conditions. Therefore, it is important to thoroughly clean and disinfect infected areas to prevent spread. <\/li>\n<\/ol>","literaturangaben":"
      \n \t
    • Decaro, N., Martella, V., & Buonavoglia, C. (2008). Canine adenoviruses and herpesvirus. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 38(4), 799\u2013814. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cvsm.2008.02.006<\/li>\n \t
    • Chouinard, L., Martineau, D., Forget, C., & Girard, C. (1998). Use of polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry for detection of canine adenovirus type 1 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver of dogs with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 10(4), 320\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/104063879801000402<\/li>\n \t
    • Caudell, D., Confer, A. W., Fulton, R. W., Berry, A., Saliki, J. T., Fent, G. M., & Ritchey, J. W. (2005). Diagnosis of infectious canine hepatitis virus (CAV-1) infection in puppies with encephalopathy. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 17(1), 58\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/104063870501700111<\/li>\n \t
    • Bulut, O., Yapici, O., Avci, O., Simsek, A., Atli, K., Dik, I., Yavru, S., & Hasircioglu, S. (2013). The serological and virological investigation of canine adenovirus infection on the dogs. The Scientific World Journal, 2013, 587024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/587024<\/li>\n \t
    • Wong, M., Woolford, L., Hasan, N. H., Hemmatzadeh, F., & others. (2017). A novel recombinant canine adenovirus type 1 detected from acute lethal cases of infectious canine hepatitis. Viral Immunology, 30(4), 258\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/vim.2016.0041<\/li>\n \t
    • Walker, D., Abbondati, E., Cox, A. L., Mitchell, G. B., Pizzi, R., Sharp, C. P., Philbey, A. W., & others. (2016). Serological and molecular epidemiology of canine adenovirus type 1 in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in the United Kingdom. Scientific Reports, 6, 36051. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep36051<\/li>\n \t
    • Mira, F., Dowgier, G., Purpari, G., Vicari, D., Di Bella, S., Macaluso, G., Gucciardi, F., Randazzo, V., Decaro, N., & Guercio, A. (2022). Study on the canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) infection in domestic dogs in Southern Italy. Pathogens, 11(11), 1254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens11111254<\/li>\n<\/ul>","symptome_ausgeblendet":"","erganzungen":"","faq":[{"frage":"1. What is Hepatitis contagiosa canis (HCC)?","antwort":"HCC is a contagious viral disease in dogs caused by canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1). It mainly affects the liver, but it can also impair other organ systems and is found worldwide. -"},{"frage":"2. How is HCC transmitted?","antwort":"HCC is mainly transmitted through direct Contact with infected animals or their excretions. The virus can also spread via contaminated objects such as food and water bowls, or through the environment, as it can survive in its surroundings. -"},{"frage":"3. What Symptoms: does a dog with HCC show?","antwort":"Symptoms of HCC can vary and include Fever, loss of appetite, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Abdominal pain, and in severe cases, jaundice. In some dogs, the disease can also cause neurological symptoms such as Convulsions. -"},{"frage":"4. Can HCC be treated?","antwort":"There is no specific antiviral treatment for HCC, but symptoms can be managed with supportive care. This includes fluid therapy, pain management, and sometimes antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections. The prognosis depends on the severity of the disease. -"},{"frage":"5. How can I protect my dog from HCC?","antwort":"The best prevention against HCC is vaccination. Most standard vaccination schedules for dogs include a vaccine against CAV-1. Regular booster vaccinations are important to ensure ongoing protection. -"},{"frage":"6. Can HCC be transmitted to humans or other animals?","antwort":"HCC is specific to dogs and poses no threat to humans. Other pets are also not susceptible to this specific infection because the virus is species-specific. -"},{"frage":"7. How is HCC diagnosed?","antwort":"The diagnosis of HCC is usually made through a combination of clinical symptoms, blood tests, and serological tests that detect the presence of antibodies against the virus. In some cases, a liver biopsy may be required to confirm the diagnosis. -"},{"frage":"8. Can a dog fully recover after an HCC infection?","antwort":"Yes, many dogs can fully recover from an HCC infection, especially if treated in time. In severe cases, however, permanent liver damage can occur, requiring long-term medical care. -"},{"frage":"9. How long is the incubation period for HCC?","antwort":"The incubation period for HCC is usually 4 to 9 days after exposure to the virus. During this time, the dog may show no symptoms but is still contagious to other dogs. -"},{"frage":"10. How long can the virus survive in the environment?","antwort":"Canine adenovirus type 1 is relatively stable in the environment and can survive for several weeks to months under favorable conditions. Therefore, it is important to thoroughly clean and disinfect infected areas to prevent spread. "}],"faq_html":null},"yoast_head":"\nInfectious hepatitis inflammation in dogs (Hepatitis contagiosa canis, CAV-1) in dogs<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Infectious canine hepatitis, HCC in dogs. 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